
If you had to choose between designing the engine or
the seat of an airplane, which would you choose? Before you answer,
consider that progress in engine design is measured in speed, safety
and fuel efficiency. Progress in seat design is measured by a much
more demanding standard: the passengers.
A lot has changed
in the 50 years since the first commercial jet airliners appeared.
First of all, we no longer turn planes into pop stars (Peter, Paul
and Mary, the Steve Miller Band and Gordon Lightfoot all performed
songs that mentioned the
Boeing 707) and we've grounded in-flight smoking.
In the 1950s, the British
de Havilland Comet had separate washrooms for men
and women. In 2007, we sleep next to strangers as we cross time
zones.

While lie-flat seating is being hailed as the must-have
feature for those who fly, it's worth noting that this idea isn't
new.
Sleeping berths were standard equipment in some
commercial propeller plane interiors. Later, when the launch of the
jet airliner significantly shortened flights, there was no longer a
need (or so they thought) for customers to take transcontinental
naps.
In addition to lie-flat seats, today's planes are
tricked out with all sorts of in-flight gizmos, including WiFi
access, USB ports and touch-sensitive display screens at every seat.
On
Virgin, talking to the person next to you has been
replaced with in-flight, seat-to-seat text-chat. Looking for more
information about these trends, we asked an industry insider about
the work that goes into designing airline interiors. Jeffrey
Bernett, who is a familiar face at DWR for his work on the
Flight
Recliner,
Liege
Desk and
Reid Sofa,
worked as a design consultant for
Northwest Airlines
(NWA). Challenged with the task of designing new business class
in-flight seating for NWA, Bernett partnered with Jeffrey Osborne, a
design and marketing consultant who once worked for Knoll.
Q&A with Jeffrey Bernett
Q: What were your
responsibilities at NWA?
To take the next generation of
lie-flat business class seats and improve their comfort and
functionality, while also integrating an entertainment system into
the design. The goal was to create a seating solution that was
consistent with NWA brand values and looked like it should sit
inside an NWA aircraft.
Q: Did the project
begin with a problem that needed to be solved?
NWA's most
profitable routes are to Asia. There is an 11" height difference
between 95% of the U.S. population and that of Japan, so we had to
accommodate those different body types, shapes and heights. The
solution had to have all of the ergonomic features necessary for
long-distance travel, delivered in a package that supported this
target audience. Finally, the notion that people are sleeping next
to people they don't know meant that part of the task was to develop
features that created privacy.
Q: What were
some of the challenges you encountered?
There were a couple
of key factors. A heavy seat requires more fuel to get it from point
A to point B. That costs the airline money, so we had to keep weight
in mind. We also had to stay within budget for the overall cost of
development, as well as the price per unit. At the same time, the
seat had to be comfortable, particularly for long flights, and
durability was another key priority. The seat had to stand up to the
abuse loads seen in the airline business.
Q: Can you give me an example of a
breakthrough or "aha!" moment?
The canopy. Privacy was
something we thought was important from the start, particularly in
lie-flat mode, when your head is just above another person's feet
and knees.
Q: Are the seats you worked on
still found on today's planes?
I believe they've been
installed on all the new long-haul aircraft NWA has purchased since
2001, as well as in some of their older, refurbished aircraft.
Q: How has your work at Northwest
influenced your work since?
It was a great project, and you
can look at the
Flight
Recliner we did for DWR and see a bit of inspiration from NWA.
Q: Finally, what's your opinion of the
Dreamliner by Boeing?
The Dreamliner is a
revolutionary approach to use of materials in the manufacture of an
airplane, improving a number of aspects related to the aircraft,
window size and cabin headroom.